Petrochemical for the first time in 1942; by some chemical manufacturers; It was used for advertising.
Petrochemical materials in general; It is a group of chemical products that are made through transformation or partial interactions of oil or natural gas hydrocarbons with other materials. Petrochemical products have many general and industrial use issues such as fabric (nylon, darkron). synthetic wool and cotton (electrical equipment); chemical fertilizers; Solvents ; cleaning materials and so on.
Petrochemical products of petrochemical industries can be divided into three specific categories:
1- Basic products such as ethylene; propylene ; sulfur; Petrol ; Ammonia etc.
These products form the basis of many other petrochemical products.
2- Intermediate products that are produced from basic products and raw materials of factories producing final products. such as polychlorovinyl (PVC); Melamine and…
3- Final products that are used to make equipment and tools used by industries and the general public, such as synthetic fibers; plastic objects; tires; Chemical fertilizers, etc. The issues of use and value of petrochemical products in the world today, life without petrochemical products is very problematic. In this section, we will briefly state the issues of using some petrochemical products.
Chemical fertilizers are the cause of many effects in the increase of agricultural products in the world, and without their use, it can be said with certainty that the world’s population will face severe food shortages in some countries due to long-term cultivation; the food of the earth Depleted and if the land is not fed with proper fertilizers, the crop yield is very low. Today, nitrogen and ammonia form the basis of chemical fertilizers. Plastics play an important role in most general and industrial needs and are the fundamental pillar of modern life. make.
Each of the plastics has properties that may be completely different from the properties of other plastics. Nowadays, flat polyesters form the major part of a boat. More than 14 kg in each car and in supersonic airplanes; More than 2.5 tons of synthetic polymers will be used. Plastics have played an effective role in conquering space.
No plastic; It was relatively impossible to make a space suit. Plastics are used in building materials. Floor Covering; electrical bag and packaging and insulation; Bottle; medical supplies; Surgery, etc. are used.
Rubber:
Another petrochemical product; There is rubber, which is widely used in the manufacture of vehicle tires, but there are many other usage issues, such as use in the manufacture of pipes; cable cover; Conveyor belts, etc. Synthetic fibers due to having different physical and chemical benefits; Problems have different uses.
For example, nylon was first used in making socks, and then in the direction of making clothes; curtain various fabrics, etc.; was used. Polyester fibers, which are called Dacron and Trilen,
They have more strength than other natural and artificial fibers. The use of this type of fiber has increased due to its various benefits such as not wrinkle quickly. curtain Carpet; conveyor belts; Rope etc. are used.
Cleaning materials have replaced soap to a large extent both in industry and in home use. These materials are not only used for washing; Rather, they are a feature of germicide.
In addition to what was said; Petrochemicals have many other usage issues.
toxic substances such as insecticides; Solvents; Explosive; anti-explosive materials;
colored materials; adhesive tapes; glue; on paper and industrial adhesives; All kinds of construction colors.
Various acids for metal plating; Water treatment of plastics; defatting; cleaners and acids used in laboratories;
chlorine gas for purifying drinking water; Carbonic gas for soft drinks and firefighting; Sulfur and industrial carbon blacks for rubber making;
Types of thinners; stan and burning materials and many other products; All are products of the petrochemical industry.
Petroleum products After preparing petroleum products, the next complicated step will be the method of delivering them to buyers.
To choose the way to transport the products, several factors should be taken into consideration, which are:
Shipping cost rate, amount of products and distance between distribution centers and users.
The main uses of petroleum products include testing, transportation, providing heat and lighting, and generating electricity.
However, oil is a multi-purpose substance: engine oil, wax, polishes, most medicines and cosmetics all get their raw materials from oil.
The petrochemical industry gives us countless products that are very valuable for our industries and daily life.
Most of the oil products leave the refinery in bulk.
Although some of them are already packed in cans or barrels and are ready to be delivered to the user.
Major customers, such as power plants or chemical plants, sometimes
They receive their orders by pipe, truck, railway or ship directly from the refinery.
Smaller customers generally receive their needs from distribution centers and warehouses that are called ((terminal)) or ((warehouse)).
The products are transported by (product ship) or two to tanker trucks and railway tanker wagons to buyers.
The valuable and complex task of distribution of an oil company is that
To make sure that the required products are delivered in the correct quantities to the specified destination at the specified time.
In addition to this, companies are constantly trying to develop programs